What is the consensus mechanism of blockchain？

 What is the consensus mechanism of blockchain？

Mtfexg will disassemble the consensus mechanism of blockchain in detail from a technical point of view.

As a peer-to-peer collaborative network, the principle of blockchain is that each node has an independent ledger, and realizes joint bookkeeping by keeping the ledger synchronized, and there is no center for command and coordination while the network state is complex and changeable. Next, how to ensure that the ledgers of the nodes that are completely dispersed in space can be exactly the same, which requires the use of the consensus mechanism of the blockchain.

 

Taking Bitcoin as an example, we try to discuss the ledger accounting process of a typical blockchain system. The public ledger records the transfer transactions that take place in the Bitcoin network all the time, but these transfer information is not instantaneous. It is written into the ledger, but unified accounting is performed at regular intervals. A new block will be generated on the ledger for each bookkeeping. The block not only records several transfer records, but also includes the birth time, the summary of the previous block, etc. Chain structures can be formed in chronological order.

 

The reason why this block-based accounting method is chosen instead of all nodes recording all information in real time is that in the entire decentralized system, considering the differences in network status and spatial location between different nodes, it is impossible to complete the data. Synchronization, through structured data packets, can ensure the correctness of the results recorded by each node.

 

For each new block, for almost the same reason, the method of recording each node separately is not enough to ensure the uniqueness of the ledger. In response to this problem, the selected response method in the blockchain network is to adopt some automatically executed competitive means to select a unique node to first package data to generate blocks and record them in its own ledger, and then the selected node will transfer the new The produced block data is notified to other nodes through the Internet. After other nodes receive the information and verify that the block is correct, they will be recorded in their own ledger synchronously. The above is a complete decentralized distributed accounting process.

 

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